Interpreting Indigenous Culture in Art: A History

Interpreting Indigenous Culture in Art: A History Mahealani Subad Abstract Art has been a historical connection for many cultures, such as Indigenous culture, as they protect the history of communities and allows for the new generation of the community to learn of their past through artwork and documentaries. However, due to misrepresentations from artwork such as paintings, sculptures, films, Indigenous identity can be represented by stereotypes created by non-Indigenous artists who interpreted indigenous culture into their own artworks, which they presented to society. Although with the misrepresentations are still present in todays society, modern indigenous artists have emerged, for which they presented Indigenous art that represents Indigenous identity where the art is themed based on Indigenous cultural values, such as family, and the realities Indigenous people face within society. Within this research paper, it will discuss how modern indigenous artist can diminish the stereotypes that have been produced by non-Indigenous artists through their inter pretation of Indigenous culture. Introduction Throughout history, art has been a historical connection in many cultures as it allows for those in the community to protect their cultural identity within history and to create a connection between the old and new generation to learn about their heritage. However, Indigenous art has been known to show misinterpretations of Indigenous people made by non-Indigenous artists who presented their perspectives of Indigenous culture and shown it to society without any prior knowledge of Indigenous culture. Now, within modern day society, Indigenous art still holds a fascination with Western culture, but presents Indigenous art in a new perspective as Indigenous artists are emerging representing their culture to society. These modern contemporary Indigenous art pieces are based on Indigenous cultural themes and values such as family, connections to their land territory, and to present the realities Indigenous people confront with in todays society. Within this research paper, it will discuss the differences of Indigenous artwork throughout history, for which it will answer the question of how modern contemporary Indigenous artwork, such as paintings and films, has diminished the stereotypes of Indigenous people which had been produced through Indigenous artwork done by non-Indigenous people. Examples, such as Emily Carr who was mostly known for her work in Group of Seven, was one of the artists that had been inspired by Indigenous culture and produced indigenous art to display to society with the belief that indigenous culture was vanishing (Morra, 2005). With perspectives of Indigenous culture such as Emily Carrs many indigenous artworks that were produced in the past may have contributed to the stereotypes that many see in society today. Background Indigenous culture has always been a fascination between Western culture throughout history, for which many artists looked upon Indigenous communities as inspiration for their artwork. Non-Indigenous artists, such as Emily Carr, have been known for their Indigenous artwork within Canada as they created their art pieces within Indigenous communities to recreate authentic representations of Indigenous culture. Famous for her work in the Canadian artist group, Group of Seven, Emily Carr focused on landscape artwork throughout the duration of her career. Although known for her work in the Group of Seven, Emily Carr was also known for her Indigenous artwork that focused on Indigenous material culture (Morra, 2005). Upon working on her indigenous art pieces, Carr often focused her inspirations on native villages, totem poles, and poetry (Halkes, 2006). As Carr took inspiration of Indigenous culture for her art work, she believed that her work served as a purpose to preserve Indigenous cult ure through her work (Morra, 2005). While visiting indigenous communities to capture their culture through her work, Carr had the belief that by showcasing Indigenous material within her art it would bring awareness to Western society that Indigenous communities that were vanishing (Morra, 2005). Although Carr had the notion that by documenting Indigenous culture through her artwork, Hollywood films began to emerge, but with a dominant culture portraying as the heroes (Stoddard, Marcus, Hicks, 2014, p.9). In case study, it analyzed two Indigenous films that were prominently made by non-Indigenous filmmakers, in which, they found both used white male characters to narrate the film and the main target audience for the films are white and middle-class (Stoddard, Marcus, Hicks, 2014, p.15-16). Majority of these films cater to these audiences as Hollywood films choose to represent those who are apart of Western society, which they present them as the dominant society within these films (Stoddard, Marcus, Hicks, 2014, p.17). Nonetheless, with Indigenous films made by non-Indigenous filmmakers are prone to cater to white audiences with a white male character as the main role, this also presents itself to younger generations such as students, where they may be subjected into belie ving that the representation of Indigenous people within the films are realistic, therefore adding on to the stereotyping Indigenous identity through films. Comparison to Emily Carrs work, modern contemporary Indigenous art work creates a more prominent view of Indigenous cultures as it expands to different sources of media such ass paintings, sculptures, and films. At the National Gallery of Canada, they hosted an exhibition called Sakahan, International Indigenous Art which showcased Indigenous artwork done by Indigenous artists from around the world (Davidge, 2013, p.83). With the art exhibition being the first exhibition devoted indigenous contemporary art from around the world, it attempts to broaden the views of Indigenous culture as it seeks to expand the meaning of indigenous, setting indigenous culture into a global perspective, and to demonstrate that the Indigenous artists are among the leading contemporary artists in the world (Davidge, 2013, p.83). Along with the Sakahan exhibit, Kristen Dowell (2006) discusses the intake of modern Indigenous arts as indigenous filmmakers are receiving recognition for their work. In 2005, th e leading art galleries in the U.S hosted several international indigenous filmmakers to present their work to highlight international cinemas (Dowell, 2006, p.376). The productions that indigenous filmmakers present feature documentation of indigenous cultural traditions and opposing of misrepresentation of Indigenous people (Dowell. 2006, p.376). Indigenous films such as Smoke Signals (Eyre et al. 1998), opposed the misrepresentations of Indigenous people as it comically follows the family life within an indigenous reserve focusing the father and son relationship within the film (Dowell, 2006, p.378). Discussion The differences between the time periods of Indigenous art, such as of Emily Carrs time and of modern day society, they are dependent on the artists interpretation and the perspective of Indigenous culture. During Emily Carrs time period, majority of society had not been exposed to Indigenous culture, for which made the culture very appealing to artists such as Emily Carr, who chose to look at Indigenous communities as a rarity due to colonialism. Carr viewed indigenous communities and the artefacts she found as a formal art of intense ritualistic formalism, (Stacton, 1950, p.500). With Carr observing Indigenous culture with only the perspective of the formal art they have created, Carrs art does not portray a credible representation of how Indigenous communities live. By having a non-Indigenous artist present art work that is inspired by Indigenous culture to a society who has no knowledge of Indigenous communities, it promotes a stereotype to society that is maintained today due to these types of art pieces as the majority of society are not educated or aware about Indigenous culture. This notion that without prior knowledge of indigenous culture creates indigenous stereotypes is also inclusive with Indigenous films made by non-Indigenous filmmakers as the majority of their target audiences is toward a white and middle-class audiences (Stoddard, Marcus, Hicks, 2014, p.15-16). With producing a film that misrepresents Indigenous people and their culture, it reflects a persona that society will identify Indigenous culture with as majority of the films present this type of representation frequently. As for modern contemporary indigenous art, it can be seen as a revelation as more indigenous artists are gaining the recognition by various art organizations for their work. Majority of Indigenous artwork has been done by Indigenous people as the film, Smoke Signals (Eyre et al., 1998), was the first film to feature an all Indigenous cast and crew, in which, Indigenous people wrote, directed, and starred in the film (Dowell, 2006). It is also noted that the Sakahan exhibit that was held in the National Gallery of Canada was the first exhibition to be devoted to contemporary art created by indigenous people from around the world (Davidge, 2013). Todays modern contemporary artists allow for indigenous representation to be reliable as the artwork portrays the artists culture, for which many of the indigenous filmmakers include themes within their work that represent indigeneity such as family values, traditional stories, the realities indigenous people face within society, and the conne ction of land and territories for indigenous communities (Dowell, 2006, p.377). Although many misrepresentations of Indigenous people are still active today, modern Indigenous artists, make attempts to diminish the stereotypes of Indigenous people made by those in the past who were attempting to share Indigenous culture with society during that time period. During that period, modern Indigenous artists have made progress on establishing Indigenous identity within society as many have created artwork such as films, painting, and sculptures, to showcase Indigenous culture or to bring awareness to realities indigenous people face within todays society. Conclusion With the initial question of trying to answer if modern indigenous artists diminish the stereotypes of Indigenous people, which was formed by previous indigenous art work done in the past, it can be considered that modern Indigenous artist have made progress with trying to diminish the stereotype, but more needs to be done to gain a true representation of indigenous culture and identity. Although there has been progressed made to diminish the stereotypes of Indigenous identity, many non-indigenous filmmakers are still producing misrepresentations of Indigenous culture. In trying to prevent the misrepresentation of Indigenous culture, prior to filming or starting an art project, the consultation of Indigenous people must be included when creating a project or film inspired or based on Indigenous culture to respectful of indigenous communities they are basing their artworks on. References Davidge, M. (2013). Sakahà  n, international indigenous art. Border Crossings,32 (4), 83-85 Dowell, K. (2006). Indigenous media gone global: Strengthening indigenous identity onà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  and offscreen at the First Nations/first features film showcase. American Anthropologist, 108 (2), 376-384. Eyre, C. (Director), Eyre, C., Alexie, S., Rosenfelt, S., Estes, L., Skinner, D., Bressler, C., . . . Bornia, C. (Producers), Alexie, S., Capener, B., Berdan, B., Smith, B., Otis, R., Brown, R., . . . OSullivan, P. (Writers). (1998). Smoke signals [Video file]. Halkes, P. (2006). Emily Carr. Border Crossings, 25 (4), 91-93 Morra, L. (2005). Canadian art according to Emily Carr: The search for indigenous expression. Canadian Literature, (185), 43 Stacton, D.D. (1950). The art of Emily Carr. Queens Quarterly,57, 499-509. Stoddard, J., Marcus, A., Hicks, D. (2014), The burden of historical representation: The case of/for indigenous film. History Teacher, 48(1), 9-36

Portrayed in film Essay

The sociological issue, to be researched is, the representation of the physically challenged in the mass media, concentrating on popular films. I’ve decided to use four main stereotypes, which are most common in the media. After reading into â€Å"Media and Mental illness† by The Glasgow Media Group, I became intrigued and started to reflect on the images portrayed. As I have a physical disability, I thought that I would have a better understanding of my research, and a good empathy for people who are being portrayed badly. After researching on the Internet, based on the research I developed my hypothesis: There will be no physically challenged people portrayed in â€Å"normal† roles, instead they will fit into one of the four stereotypes. Contexts and concepts The Broadcasting complaints Commission study showed that in television programmes 7% of persons were disabled. They showed that disabled people were mostly in broadcast films, drama and soap operas. Langmore (1987) Studied on the different forms of representations of disabled persons, and how the audience reacts to seeing a disabled person on the television as a pose to an able bodied person. The results show that people generally feel a lot more sympathetic, pitiful and patronizing towards disabled people. Sheridan in â€Å"A physical challenge for the media: The effects of portrayals of wheel chair users. He says that whilst there are many images of wheelchair users, they are not always accurate or helpful to the disabled community. To portray a wheel chair user in a film is so that they can be used as a dramatic and provocative tool. He states that it is possible to categorise portrayals into four main stereotypes, the pitiful handicapped, the bitter cripple, the inspirational hero and the set dresser. These are the four stereotypes that I have decided look into. This introduces the concept of stereotypes. A stereotype is a one sided, exaggerated and usually prejudicial view of a group. One myth about physically challenged people is that people with disabilities have a poor standard of life, this is not the case. The stereotypes may have some factual basis, but in most cases are incongruent with reality. Sheridan raises the question that because these portrayals are prevalent, are they an accurate account of what goes on in real life situations. He answered, as there is much diversity as there is commonality in the wheelchair community. There is no consensus as to what is accurate. He offers no solution but says that there are advances in advertising, as people in wheelchairs are not seen as disabled but as consumers. He thinks advertisers will continue to add positively to the way society perceives wheelchair users, and that maybe one day we will change our perception from archaic stereotypes to more realistic portrayals. This brings me onto the concept of identity. To acquire a sense of self identity and an image of your self is through socialization. If some body is labelled a specific type of person, it can be said that a social identity has been added to your self. Your social identity will then be seen as a label to show what kind of person you are. Resulting from the label you have now been given, you might start to think you are that type of person.

Nuclear warfare

Introduction.John Hersey’s article entitled Hiroshima was an account of six residents in the city of the same name who survived the bombing on August 6, 1945. The six survivors consisted of a physician, a personnel clerk, three small children and their mother, a young surgeon, a pastor and a missionary priest.Compared to other accounts of the Hiroshima bombing, Hersey’s account dryly described the experiences of the survivors, beginning from the time they woke up until the time the bomb went off. While it made considerable noise within and without the publishing world, Hersey’s account was not intentionally written as a call to action, nor did it eventually give rise to a mass action. Rather, it was intended to be a mere impassive report of the impact made by the bomb on the lives of many.Ethical Theories.There are many reasons for the opinion that nuclear warfare is not morally justified, the most familiar and popular of which is the opinion that nuclear warfare involves an intention to use nuclear weapons, where such use would be immoral (McMahan, 1985).  Moral philosophy has several positions on the issue of nuclear warfare. One such position falls within the deontological position (McMahan, 1985). This position consists of three claims, the first of which is that the use of nuclear weapons is not morally justified (McMahan, 1985).  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This first argument is rationalized by the theory that use of nuclear weapons would lead to a violation of at least one criterion of the traditional â€Å"just war† theory (McMahan, 1985).The just war theory refers to justice in war or moral support for war (Moseley, 2006). This theory has two aspects, namely, the theoretical and historical traditions (Moseley, 2006). The former discusses the justifications and reasons for engaging in war; while the latter focuses attention on the body of rules and agreements entered into by international bodies that are supposed to be applied in t imes of war (Moseley, 2006).The just war theory has two criteria, namely, the criterion of proportionality and the criterion of discrimination (McMahan, 1985). The first one mandates that â€Å"the level of force employed must be proportional to the good it is intended to achieve (McMahan, 1985).† On the other hand, the latter criterion provides that â€Å"force should be used in a way which respects the distinction between combatants and noncombatants (McMahan, 1985).Applying the two criteria, one can arrive at an opinion as to whether the dropping of the bomb in both Nagasaki and Hiroshima was justified. The first criterion demands that an act be justified by the good consequences achieved by the act be able to outweigh the negative consequences it may have caused (McMahan, 1985). Moreover, there must be a direct proportion between the degree of force used and the positive consequences produced (McMahan, 1985).Considering that both bomb attacks had caused the loss of numer ous lives, mostly those of innocent citizens, there is no way that they could have been justified by any positive consequences. Whichever motivation led to the decision to set off the attacks, it could never be enough to justify the killing of countless innocent lives. The brutality of the acts involved in both bombings negate any argument that there is a direct proportion between the act committed or the degree of force used and the consequences it produced.The second criterion cannot also be used to justify the bombings, since it forbids the killing of noncombatants in war (McMahan, 1985). A distinction should be made between people who are combatants and not (McMahan, 1985). However, based on numerous accounts on the effects of the bombings, including that written by Hersey, it is apparent that many people who were noncombatants died during the attacks. This is a clear violation of the second criterion of the just war theory (McMahan, 1985).Again applying the deontological tradit ion, any future use of nuclear weapons in war cannot be justified. The use of that kind of weapons is a deliberate choice made by those who lead the war. They know that such use necessarily involves the killing of man innocent people.As argued by one study, deaths occurring in nuclear attacks are neither incidental nor unintentional results of lawful military action (McMahan, 1985). Rather, such deaths are deliberate aims made by those who chose to act using nuclear weapons (McMahan, 1985).Thus, the same argument would negate any justification that would be put forward by a country that intends to retaliate using nuclear weapons. Retaliation can be exercised in various forms and it is recognized under international law to be valid means of protecting a country’s interests and sovereignty. Nevertheless, even through a good reason exists for retaliation, doing the same through nuclear weapon still cannot be justified because of the consequences involved in such action, which wo uld cost thousands, if not millions, of lives. Indeed, nuclear warfare is no room for the ancient adage â€Å"an eye for an eye.† Other means of retaliation, like demanding reparation or using economic measures, should instead be used rather than resorting to nuclear warfare.Conclusion.Nuclear warfare cannot be justified under any circumstance. The deliberate use of nuclear weapons is equivalent to deliberate killing of numerous innocent people. Such an act cannot be considered proportionate to the aim involved; nor would such act discriminate between people who engaged in war or not. These consequences obviously violate criteria of the just war theory, which negates any morality in the acts.ReferencesHersey, J. (1946). Hiroshima. The New Yorker.McMahan, J. (1985). Deterrence and Deontology. Ethics 95(3) Special Issue: Symposium on Ethics and Nuclear Deterrence, 517-536. Moseley, A. (2006). Just War Theory. Retrieved October 31, 2007, fromhttp://www.iep.utm.edu/justwar/ Nuclear warfare Introduction.John Hersey’s article entitled Hiroshima was an account of six residents in the city of the same name who survived the bombing on August 6, 1945. The six survivors consisted of a physician, a personnel clerk, three small children and their mother, a young surgeon, a pastor and a missionary priest.Compared to other accounts of the Hiroshima bombing, Hersey’s account dryly described the experiences of the survivors, beginning from the time they woke up until the time the bomb went off. While it made considerable noise within and without the publishing world, Hersey’s account was not intentionally written as a call to action, nor did it eventually give rise to a mass action. Rather, it was intended to be a mere impassive report of the impact made by the bomb on the lives of many.Ethical Theories.There are many reasons for the opinion that nuclear warfare is not morally justified, the most familiar and popular of which is the opinion that nuclear warfare involves an intention to use nuclear weapons, where such use would be immoral (McMahan, 1985).Moral philosophy has several positions on the issue of nuclear warfare. One such position falls within the deontological position (McMahan, 1985). This position consists of three claims, the first of which is that the use of nuclear weapons is not morally justified (McMahan, 1985). This first argument is rationalized by the theory that use of nuclear weapons would lead to a violation of at least one criterion of the traditional â€Å"just war† theory (McMahan, 1985).The just war theory refers to justice in war or moral support for war (Moseley, 2006). This theory has two aspects, namely, the theoretical and historical traditions (Moseley, 2006). The former discusses the justifications and reasons for engaging in war; while the latter focuses attention on the body of rules and agreements entered into by international bodies that are supposed to be applied in times of war (Moseley, 20 06).The just war theory has two criteria, namely, the criterion of proportionality and the criterion of discrimination (McMahan, 1985). The first one mandates that â€Å"the level of force employed must be proportional to the good it is intended to achieve (McMahan, 1985).† On the other hand, the latter criterion provides that â€Å"force should be used in a way which respects the distinction between combatants and noncombatants (McMahan, 1985).Applying the two criteria, one can arrive at an opinion as to whether the dropping of the bomb in both Nagasaki and Hiroshima was justified. The first criterion demands that an act be justified by the good consequences achieved by the act be able to outweigh the negative consequences it may have caused (McMahan, 1985). Moreover, there must be a direct proportion between the degree of force used and the positive consequences produced (McMahan, 1985).Considering that both bomb attacks had caused the loss of numerous lives, mostly those of innocent citizens, there is no way that they could have been justified by any positive consequences. Whichever motivation led to the decision to set off the attacks, it could never be enough to justify the killing of countless innocent lives. The brutality of the acts involved in both bombings negate any argument that there is a direct proportion between the act committed or the degree of force used and the consequences it produced.The second criterion cannot also be used to justify the bombings, since it forbids the killing of noncombatants in war (McMahan, 1985). A distinction should be made between people who are combatants and not (McMahan, 1985). However, based on numerous accounts on the effects of the bombings, including that written by Hersey, it is apparent that many people who were noncombatants died during the attacks. This is a clear violation of the second criterion of the just war theory (McMahan, 1985).Again applying the deontological tradition, any future use of n uclear weapons in war cannot be justified. The use of that kind of weapons is a deliberate choice made by those who lead the war. They know that such use necessarily involves the killing of man innocent people.As argued by one study, deaths occurring in nuclear attacks are neither incidental nor unintentional results of lawful military action (McMahan, 1985). Rather, such deaths are deliberate aims made by those who chose to act using nuclear weapons (McMahan, 1985).Thus, the same argument would negate any justification that would be put forward by a country that intends to retaliate using nuclear weapons. Retaliation can be exercised in various forms and it is recognized under international law to be valid means of protecting a country’s interests and sovereignty. Nevertheless, even through a good reason exists for retaliation, doing the same through nuclear weapon still cannot be justified because of the consequences involved in such action, which would cost thousands, if n ot millions, of lives. Indeed, nuclear warfare is no room for the ancient adage â€Å"an eye for an eye.† Other means of retaliation, like demanding reparation or using economic measures, should instead be used rather than resorting to nuclear warfare.Conclusion.Nuclear warfare cannot be justified under any circumstance. The deliberate use of nuclear weapons is equivalent to deliberate killing of numerous innocent people. Such an act cannot be considered proportionate to the aim involved; nor would such act discriminate between people who engaged in war or not. These consequences obviously violate criteria of the just war theory, which negates any morality in the acts.ReferencesHersey, J. (1946). Hiroshima. The New Yorker.McMahan, J. (1985). Deterrence and Deontology. Ethics 95(3) Special Issue: Symposium on Ethics and Nuclear Deterrence, 517-536.Moseley, A. (2006).Just War Theory. Retrieved October 31, 2007, fromhttp://www.iep.utm.edu/j/justwar.htm

4-Mat Review Nouwen - 1296 Words

4-MAT Book Review Esther Gooding Liberty University Table of Contents Summary of book ------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 Concrete Responses -----------------------------------------------------------------------------4 Reflection -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5 Application ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6 Reference ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7 Grading rubric ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8 Summary Reaching Out was published by Doubleday Dell†¦show more content†¦The host he indicated must remember that every guest has a gift to offer. The guests may first have been strangers but through interaction and engaging in the lives of the stranger, they are soon recognized as guests. The book identified three specific types of hosts: parents, teacher, and helping professionals. The hosts now have different thoughts and feeling about their guests (Nouwen, 1986). Parents view their children as the most precious gift, teachers now realizes that their students have great potential, and helping professional are able to provide a safe environment for their patients (Nouwen, 1986). The third movement is from illusion to prayer. Nouwen (1986) indicated that most people live their lives in an illusion that they will never die. They believe that they hold the key to all that happens in their lives. They do not put God first in their lives and they do not realize that God is in control of every aspect of their lives. There are three essentials elements to a fulfilling prayer life; the Bible, silence, and spiritual guide (Nouwen, 1986). Reading the Bible, and being silence as we mediate on the word of God. We gain understanding through the power of the Holy Spirit. These spiritual references are able to help us work through the challenges we may encounter. The conclusion of the book mentions the importance of spiritual guidance, and the importance of prayer. Prayer is not only to be done is solitude, but

Liberals LOVE Gun Control Essay - 1120 Words

Liberals Love Gun Control Gun Control can be called the acid test of liberalism. All true liberals must favor stricter gun controls. After all, doesnt the United States have the most heavily armed population on the earth? Are we not the worlds most violent people? Surely these facts must be at least casually connected. Therefore the apparently desperate need to do something about the vast quantity of firearms and firearms abuse is obvious. Guns are employed in an enormous number of crimes in this country. In other countries with stricter gun laws, gun crimes are rare. Many of the firearms involved in crime are cheap handguns, so-called Saturday Night Specials for which there is†¦show more content†¦The moderate gun control groups propose measures such as requiring an individual to successfully complete a firearms safety course before being allowed to possess a gun, or to wait for a mandatory period of time before taking possession of a gun. Today, there are approximately 20,000 different gun control laws in existence, ranging from those enacted by municipalities and states, to those enacted by the federal government. Gun control is ineffective and tougher sentencing of criminals and stricter parole policies would do far more to combat crime. Statistics show that Canada is less violent than the United States. Fewer guns are only part of the story. The inner-city slums of the United States are murderous, bombed-out-looking places. American visitors to Canadas big cities often ask where the slums are. The answer is that there really arent any slums, and the lack of violence there reflects it. Canadas more generous welfare benefits and universal health insurance have made for safer cities. The contrasts between extreme wealth and extreme poverty are fewer and less striking. Poor inner-city families do not disintegrate to the extent they do in black American ghettos. 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Looking backRead MoreJust Take Away Their Guns955 Words   |  4 Pages Click-Clack-Bow! This is the noise of gun going off, something that is heard everyday. This very noise not only injures people, but it causes innocent people to die. Guns are the number one cause of leading deaths today. According to James Q. Wilson article â€Å"Just Take Away Their Guns,† Wilson states that both t he President and public want tougher gun control laws (125). The only difference is that the public believes that it won’t change anything. Wilson also believes that it would take a politically

Oedipus Essay Topics - Is it a Scam?

Oedipus Essay Topics - Is it a Scam? The cost of an essay rides on the quantity of effort the writer has to exert. Our writers always create unique content that's absolutely free from all grammatical error. Sophocles also had an exceptional view of the absolutely free will as being used to hold responsible so as to shape distinctive facets of human lives. If do not have any urge to waste time on choosing the best topic and writing the entire argumentative essay from scratch, don't forget you've a loyal group of professionals by your side. Fortunately our team consists of professional writers which possess the capability to create remarkable content for you. Additionally, a customer may ask the writer to submit part of the job for review and, if needed, ask her or him to make corrections. At ProfEssays dedicated group of writers work committed to supply the superior custom essays to all. Oedipus Essay Topics Every one of these lip balms provide protection against sunburn, windburn and chapped lips. I already understand when and where I intend to where this and I know it is going to be a conversation starter. You might need to isolate a couple of scenes for discussion. Second, talk what you shouldn't do instead of what should be carried out. Studying sociology is essential for understanding numerous difficulties and resolving them. Students often discover that almost all of their work on those essays is done before they even begin writing. An Oedipus essay doesn't need to cover the very same topics that were covered before. An argumentative essay requires you to choose a topic and have a position on it. On the other hand, the harmony isn't ruined. Power may be used for destruction, or it may be utilized to accomplish greatness. Even the gods cannot change Fate. We give a platform at which you can directly get in touch with your writer this can decrease communication barrier. Most agree that this was the ideal way for life to finish. Needless to say, we can't be like one enormous family. 9 The play starts with the fantastical look of a ghost. On account of the sort heart of this slave, the kid is permitted to survive. It's more intimidating than any carnivorous animal as now he's elusive and bodiless just enjoy a phantom. Explain the significance of the shepherd. Additionally, there are those who want to attack the issues of fate and destiny and the way this man Oedipus tried to escape them, simply to make them come true by doing this. The stages where the plays would have and will be carried out on differ significantly. Choose one particular tragedy and talk about the use of the chorus. Explain the way the play judges Oedipus. The Nuiances of Oedipus Essay Topics Dangerous actions bring terrible consequences, and refusing to reside in blindness is quite a dangerous thing, though morally it could be admirable and desired. In such a fashion, you will see the most fascinating topic efficiently. One and actions that is necessary for theoretical and practical understanding. An effort to explain irrational matters is an equation with several unknowns. Oedipus Essay Topics Secrets That No One Else Knows About In the start of the play, Laius and Jocasta need to make an important decision about whether to kill their son so as to save Laius's life. A conclusion is, undoubtedly, the most essential portion of the argumentative essay because you can either support the excellent impression or destroy it entirely. The ideal thing about us is that each time you can buy original essay papers for sale. Describe in what way the plays are very similar to and different from one another, and the way in which they do or don't support one another's purposes. What Is So Fascinating About Oedipus Essay Topics? Citations and extracts from assorted sources have to be formatted properly. Even if you're a specialist in a particular field, don't be afraid to use and cite external sources. You might want to isolate a couple of scenes for close analysis. Well, grading papers are often quite dull.

Cloud Computing Security Threats

Question: Discuss about the Cloud Computing Security Threats. Answer: Introduction This paper is a summary report of a secondary research carried on the topic of security threats on cloud computing and preventive methods. The research bases on three different journals, Silver Lining in Cloud Computing: Security Issues their Preventive Measures.International Journal of Computer Trends and Technology, Cloud Computing: Network/Security Threats and Counter measures.IJARCCE, and Security Threats with Associated Mitigation Techniques in Cloud Computing.International Journal of Applied Information Systems. This paper has strived to bring out issues on the cloud computing threats and how to prevent them as brought out in the three journals, issues that were left out to the perspective of the paper and how the findings impacts the real life situations. The aim of this paper is to build a better understanding on the theoretical outlook of the issues on security threats on cloud computing as well as increase analytical skills used in drawing the summary. Background Cloud computing is agreed to have various definitions which however coins to the aspect of using the configured computing resources for having network access from anywhere in a convenient and most reliable manner, the computing resources are such as (servers, networks, and storage devices among other cloud architectures), (Jain, 2015). Cloud computing has various advantages both to users and providers as the users get quicker reliable services while providers paid in turn. With the important aspects which outweigh the available threats as stated in section one above, it is important for the providers to find ways of curbing the threats such as issues to do with privacy for much more better services (Ahmad, Zahra, 2016). Scope of Engagement In the research that led to the compilation of this paper, the main ideology was to come up with the results from different articles on the issue of cloud computing security and how the issue can be dealt with quite effectively. This paper aims at creating more understanding through the comparison of the three articles on security threats on cloud computing by identifying how the different authors came up with the end results on security threats through confirmation of what they considered while carrying out the research. From such, the issues that were left out or rather neglected by the journals used in the compilation of this report are brought out. Therefore, from the above consideration of the basic aim of the paper and how the paper is compiled, a scope of engagement can possibly be derived. The author learns more on literature review skills as well as a comparison of works of different authors. There is also additional knowledge on skills of summarizing as well as analyzing the findings from a research. The paper creates additional knowledge to the readers on the basis of understanding more on issues to do with security threats of cloud computing and how to prevent such. Tools used This paper, as stated in the introduction part, is more of a literature review of the three journals articles that information are derived from for it compilation. There is a consideration of the five characteristics of the cloud model which are on-demand self-service, broad network access, resource pooling (location independence), rapid elasticity and measured service (Ahmad et al., 2016), from which threats are derived and techniques for overcoming such brought forth. Jain, (2015), takes the approach of bringing out the three models of cloud computing services, SAAS, PAAS, and IAAS, there is the consideration of network issues in cloud computing which leads to the determination of the security issues and preventive measures. Nazir, Shuja, (2013), brings out the deployment models which are public cloud, private cloud, community cloud, and hybrid cloud. There is a consideration of the parameters affecting cloud security which are cloud network, database, operating system, virtualiza tion, resource allocation, transaction management, load balancing, concurrency control, and memory management, (Nazir, et al., 2013). From the above-stated parameters, the security threats are drawn and possible preventive measures brought out. Summary of Findings From a consideration of the three articles used in this paper, there are findings drawn with what are brought out as the security threats of cloud computing. Through the compilation of the three articles threats, general threats which appear on all the three articles are seen. This part of the paper brings out the general threats found in the research and measures of controlling them. There is also a consideration on the aspects that are left out in the three journals and their importance. XML signature element wrapping is the first threat available in all the three articles, is an attack for web services used by third parties to put what they like on the web page of the host. The use of digital certificate like the X.509 authorized by the third party helps in mitigating the threat. Browser security which is mostly through hackers who can access credentials of users and manipulate as owners. The vendor should use WS-security which ensures continuous SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol). Cloud Malware injection attack damages spiteful services and application or virtual machine. The preventive method for the threat is to have authentication of checks for received messages which detect the affected and rejects. Data loss and leakages which are an adverse effect on business on instances which important data is loosed in the cloud or private data seen through leakages. Mitigation of such is through encrypting and protecting the integrity of data in transit, analyzing data protection at both design and runtime, implementing strong key generation, storage, and management, (Nazir, et al., 2013). Lock-in which denies customers to migrate from one cloud service provider to another resulting from the loss of the probability services and data of customers. Prevented through the use of standardized cloud Application Programming Interface (API). Abuse and nefarious use of cloud computing arising due to weak registration systems. The threat is prevented through implementation of registration processes that are much stricter and monitoring of credit card fraud. The research also established the aspects left out by the three articles in the compilation of the security threats in cloud computing. Most of the threats, if not all were brought out generally without the consideration of the private cloud computing and the public cloud computing. Most probably, the private and public clouds face different challenges and also most probably have different ways of dealing with the challenges that are outlined. The generalization of the threats was not very essential as maybe the individuals mostly with the private cloud computing will lack a solution to the threats they face as most of the methods of dealing with the threats outlined base more on the public cloud computing or rather fits best the large scale. Impacts of the Findings on Real Life The findings as outlined in section five above, are the security threats that cloud computing faces as well as the methods in which the threats can be mitigated. The last finding is also on the aspect which the three journals used in the compilation of this paper did not consider. The findings of this paper have various impacts on the real life situation, especially in cases where cloud computing is applicable. As brought out by the paper before, cloud computing has gained a lot of relevance and is used in various parts of the world more so with vendors for different purposes. The vendors are advantaged with using cloud computing and therefore, the threats faced is an issue that should be dealt with, just as stated earlier in this paper. The findings have outlined the most common cloud computing threats faced by most of the cloud computing. Therefore, in the real life world, this paper helps individuals to easily identify the methods of dealing with the cloud computing threats faced by almost all the institutions. The findings of the paper also shed to light that the different forms of cloud computing as the private and public might be affected differently by the outlined threats or rather might need different methods of solving. Therefore, in the real life world, it helps individuals to be critical in identifying the best methods of mitigating the threats they face in cloud computing. The paper helps one to know that they do not have to fully rely on only one set of information but learn to scrutinize more for better and valid information. Conclusion In conclusion, this paper manages to critically analyze three articles on cloud computing security threats and bring out the common threats plus methods of preventing such. The paper is divided into various parts as a report which helps in a more understanding of the whole process of research that led to the outlined findings in section five. It is clear from the paper that cloud computing is an essential aspect to the users and also the providers since it acts also as a mode of earning. To increase its relevance, it is, therefore, important for the threats faced to be identified and be mitigated or strategies for prevention identified. The users are supposed to continue enjoying cloud computing as well as be safe in using without fear of maybe losing data or even exposing confidential issues. References Ahmad, S., Zahra, S. (2016). Silver Lining in Cloud Computing: Security Issues their Preventive Measures.International Journal of Computer Trends and Technology,35(2), 107-113. https://dx.doi.org/10.14445/22312803/ijctt-v35p119 Jain, M. (2015). Cloud Computing: Network/Security Threats and Counter measures.IJARCCE,4(8), 401-403. https://dx.doi.org/10.17148/ijarcce.2015.4887 Nazir, M., Shuja Rashid, M. (2013). Security Threats with Associated Mitigation Techniques in Cloud Computing.International Journal of Applied Information Systems,5(7), 16-27. https://dx.doi.org/10.5120/ijais13-450935